Darwin Correspondence Project

German botanist. Studied theology and philosophy at Tübingen from 1873 before switching to botany. PhD, Straßburg (Strasbourg), 1877. In 1880, habilitated at Würzburg, where he had been assistant to Julius Sachs since 1878. Professor extraordinarius of botany, Straßburg, 1880; Rostock, 1882. Professor, Rostock, 1883; Marburg, 1887; Munich, 1891–1931. Editor of Flora, 1889. With royal support, founded the botanical institute and created the new botanical garden in Nymphenburg, Munich, 1908–14. Made several botanical excursions, notably to the South American Andes, New Zealand Alps, Brazilian Organ Mountains, and North American Rocky Mountains. President, Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Foreign Member, Royal Society, 1926.