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Darwin Correspondence Project

From A. F. Batalin1   28 February 1879

St Petersburg,

16 / 28 Febr. 18792

Sehr geehrter Herr!

Auf Ihr geehrten Schreiben von Febr. 18. beeile ich mich Ihnen mitzutheilen, dass die Blätter von Polygonum aviculare des Nachts sich erheben, die von Sida Napaea—sich senken.3 Es that mir sehr leid, dass ich nicht ganz correct geschrieben habe.

Meine Untersuchungen über die Bedeutung der Blattbewegungen für die Lebenserscheinungen der Pflanzen, wie ich Ihnen geschrieben habe, blieben meistens erfolglos. Als sicheres kann ich Ihnen nur folgendes mittheilen. Die Blättchen von Oxalis Acetosella, wenn die Pflanze dem directen Sonnenschein ausgesetzt ist, leiden von dem starken Lichte nicht, sie senken sich blos, wie des Nachts; in solcher gesunkenen Lage können die Blätter mehrere Wochen bleiben—und sie leiden doch gar nicht. Wenn aber die Senkung der Blättchen unmöglich gemacht ist (ohne sie zu wunden), so entfärben sich und austrocknen die Blätter, auf dem directen Sonnenscheine, im Laufe von 2–3 Tagen. Im zerstreuten Lichte aber, vegetirten die Blätter, ohne die Bewegungen zu machen, zwei Monate ganz normal; ganz kleine und junge Blätter (in anderen Versuchen) hatten unter solchen Bedingungen sogar augenscheinlich dieselbe Grösse erreicht, wie die übrigen Blätter, frei sich bewegende.4

Über Mimosa habe ich Ihnen geschrieben.5

Meine Untersuchungen beabsichtige ich im nächsten Sommer fortzusetzen und ich werde für die Ehre halten meine weitere Resultate Ihnen mitzutheilen.6

Mit besonderer Hochachtung | Ihr ganz ergebener | A Batalin

[Contemporary translation]

Highly honoured Sir.

After your much valued letter of the 18th. Feb. I hasten to inform you that the leaves of Polygonum aviculare lift themselves up in the night—those of Sida Nassaea sink down. I am very sorry that I did not write quite correctly.

My investigations about the importance of the movements of the leaves for the life appearances of the plants, remained as I have already written to you mostly without any result. As certain I can only inform you of the following.

The leaves of Oxalis Actosella when the plant is exposed to the direct rays of the sun do not suffer from the strong light, they only sink as in the night; in such a sunk position the leaves can remain for many weeks—& they do not suffer at all. If however the sinking of the leaves is made impossible (without injuring or wounding them) then they lose their colour & the leaves dry up in direct sunshine, in the course of 2 to 3 days. In however a dispersed light the leaves vegitate without making the movement quite normally two months; quite young & small leaves (in other experiments) had in such conditions apparently reached the same size as the other leaves which moved freely. I have written to you about Mimosa.

I intend to continue my observations next summer, & I shall have the honour of informing you of my further results.

CD annotations

Contemporary translation:
0.1 Highly … following. 2.3] crossed red crayon
3.2 do not … night;] scored red crayon

Footnotes

For a translation of this letter, see Appendix I.
Batalin gives both the Julian (16 February) and Gregorian (28 February) calendar dates.
The letter from CD has not been found. However, in his letter of 29 January 1879, Batalin had written about the movement of the leaves of, amongst other plants, Polygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed) and Sida napaea (a synonym of Napaea dioica, glade mallow). CD cited Batalin for these observations in Movement in plants, pp. 322 and 387.
CD mentioned Batalin’s observations on Oxalis acetosella (wood sorrel) in this letter in Movement in plants, p. 447.
In his letter of 29 January 1879, Batalin gave a brief account of his inconclusive experiments, the purpose of which had been to ascertain whether Mimosa and similar plants derived any advantage from the movements of their leaves.
No later correspondence with Batalin has been found.

Translation

From A. F. Batalin1   28 February 1879

St Petersburg,

16 / 28 Febr. 18792

Most esteemed Sir!

With respect to your honoured letter of 18. Febr. I hasten to inform you that the leaves of Polygonum aviculare rise up at night, those of Sida Napaea—fall.3 I am very sorry not to have written this down quite correctly.

My study of the significance of the leaf movements for the phenomena of life in plants, as I have written to you, remained mostly unsuccessful. I can tell you with certainty only the following. The leaflets of Oxalis acetosella, if the plant is put in direct sunlight, do not suffer from the powerful light, they merely bend downwards, as at night; the leaves can remain in such a depressed position for several weeks—and yet they do not suffer any damage at all. If however this movement of the leaflets is impeded (without damaging them), the leaves lose their colour and wither, in direct sunlight, within 2–3 days. In diffuse light, on the other hand, the leaves grow quite normally without making any movements for two months; quite small and young leaves (in other experiments) appeared to reach the same size under such conditions as the rest of the leaves that were allowed to move freely.4

I have written to you about Mimosa.5

I am planning to continue my studies next summer and I would consider it an honour to communicate to you any further results.6

With the highest respect | Yours wholly devoted | A. Batalin

Footnotes

For a transcription of this letter in its original German and a contemporary translation, see Transcript.
Batalin gives both the Julian (16 February) and Gregorian (28 February) calendar dates.
The letter from CD has not been found. However, in his letter of 29 January 1879, Batalin had written about the movement of the leaves of, amongst other plants, Polygonum aviculare (prostrate knotweed) and Sida napaea (a synonym of Napaea dioica, glade mallow). CD cited Batalin for these observations in Movement in plants, pp. 322 and 387.
CD mentioned Batalin’s observations on Oxalis acetosella (wood sorrel) in this letter in Movement in plants, p. 447.
In his letter of 29 January 1879, Batalin gave a brief account of his inconclusive experiments, the purpose of which had been to ascertain whether Mimosa and similar plants derived any advantage from the movements of their leaves.
No later correspondence with Batalin has been found.

Summary

Sleep movements in Oxalis acetosella.

Letter details

Letter no.
DCP-LETT-11910
From
Alexander Fedorovich Batalin (Александр Федорович Баталин)
To
Charles Robert Darwin
Sent from
St Petersburg
Source of text
DAR 209.14: 179, 180
Physical description
ALS 3pp (German), trans 4pp †

Please cite as

Darwin Correspondence Project, “Letter no. 11910,” accessed on 8 May 2024, https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/letter/?docId=letters/DCP-LETT-11910.xml

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