skip to content

Darwin Correspondence Project

All people pages

jemmy_button_1833.jpg

Jemmy Button in 1833
CUL CCA.24.2
Jemmy Button in 1833 from 'Fuegians' in The narrative of the voyages of H.M. Ships Adventure and Beagle. Vol.2. FitzRoy, R. 1839. Proceedings of the second expedition, 1831-36. 'Fuegians' [plate] pp.324-325
Cambridge University Library

Orundellico (Jemmy Button)

Orundellico was one of the Yahgan, or canoe people of the southern part of Tierra del Fuego.  He was the fourth hostage taken by Robert FitzRoy, captain of HMS Beagle, in 1830 following the theft of the small surveying boat. This fourteen-year old boy was called Jemmy Button by the Beagle crew because FitzRoy had given a large mother-of-pearl button to the man who was in the canoe with Orundellico.

Read more

george_peacock.jpg

George Peacock
348.c.91.63
George Peacock taken from Alexander MacFarlane, 1916. 'Lectures on Ten British Mathematicians of the Nineteenth Century', London: Chapman & Hall, Ltd. Frontispiece
Cambridge University Library

George Peacock

George Peacock was born 9 April 1791 in Denton near Darlington in Yorkshire. He was the son of a clergyman, the Rev. Thomas Peacock, curate of Denton for 50 years and school master. George was educated at Sedbergh School, Cumbria and Richmond School in Yorkshire.

Read more

READE-W-W-01-03950.jpg

William Winwood Reade
William Winwood Reade
CUL Misc.7.91.18
Cambridge University Library

William Winwood Reade

On 19 May 1868, an African explorer and unsuccessful novelist, William Winwoode Reade (1838–1875) offered to help Darwin, and started a correspondence and, arguably, a collaboration, that would last until Reade's death.

Read more

Benjamin Renshaw

How much like a monkey is a person? Did our ancestors really swing from trees? Are we descended from apes? By the 1870s, questions like these were on the tip of everyone’s tongue, even though Darwin himself never posed the problem of human evolution in quite these terms.

Read more

RIVERS-T-01-04019.jpg

Thomas Rivers
http://www.rhso.co.uk/history.php
Thomas Rivers, 1873
Courtesy of the Rivers Heritage Site and Orchard

Thomas Rivers

Rivers and Darwin exchanged around 30 letters, most in 1863 when Darwin was hard at work on the manuscript of Variation of plants and animals under domestication, the lengthy and detailed sequel to Origin of species. Rivers, an experienced plant breeder and hybridist, supplied Darwin with detailed information about bud variation in fruit trees, strawberries, roses, and laburnum, and the effects of grafts upon root stock.

Read more

ROYER-C-A-01-04113.jpg

Clémence Royer
http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/71895#page/257/mode/1up
Clémence Royer, from Les femmes dans la science, by Alphonse Rebière, 1897
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Digitised by University of Toronto

Clémence Auguste Royer

Getting Origin translated into French was harder than Darwin had expected. The first translator he approached, Madame Belloc, turned him down on the grounds that the content was ‘too scientific‘, and then in 1860 the French political exile  Pierre Talandier rescinded his offer to translate it on the grounds that no publisher was willing to work with such a politically controversial figure. Shortly after, Darwin’s luck changed when Clémence Royer, a French author and economist living in Geneva, agreed to translate Origin into French.

Read more

Gaston de Saporta

The human-like qualities of great apes have always been a source of scientific and popular fascination, and no less in the Victorian period than in any other. Darwin himself, of course, marshalled similarities in physiology, behaviour and emotional expression between Homo sapiens and other simians over the course of his long career to support his views on evolution. This kind of evidence appeared in many of his publications, notably The Descent of Man and  The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals.  But were some parallels between human beings and other great apes too disquieting to use as scientific evidence? Correspondence between Charles Darwin and Gaston de Saporta, a French paleobotanist, suggests that this may indeed be the case.

Read more

SEDGWICK-A-01-04276.jpg

Adam Sedgwick
http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw40351/Adam-Sedgwick?
Adam Sedgwick by Samuel Cousins, after Thomas Phillips mezzotint, published 1833, NPG D5929Adam Sedgwick by Samuel Cousins, after Thomas Phillips mezzotint, published 1833, NPG D5929
mw40351
© National Portrait Gallery, London

Adam Sedgwick

One of the early leaders of geology in Britain, Adam Sedgwick  was born in the Yorkshire village of Dent in 1785. Attending Trinity College Cambridge, he was ordained as clergyman and in 1818 was appointed to the Woodwardian Chair of Geology, which offered a small stipend. Despite having little prior knowledge of the subject, Sedgwick soon commenced fieldwork, offered regular annual lectures, and joined with John Stevens Henslow, William Whewell and others to build up the University's reputation in the sciences.

Read more

SIMMS-J-01-04359.jpg

Joseph Simms
Joseph Simms
CUL 8300.c.57
Cambridge University Library

Joseph Simms

The American doctor and author of works on physiognomy Joseph Simms wrote to Darwin on 14 September 1874, while he was staying in London. He enclosed a copy of his book Nature’s revelations of character (Simms 1873). He hoped it might 'prove sufficiently interesting’ that Darwin could ‘say a word in its favour for print’. The book contained the following portrait of Darwin to illustrate ‘Observativeness Large’, the ‘quality or disposition to look closely and with rigid care at every object’.

Read more

STOKES-J-L-01-04574.jpg

Captain John Lort Stokes c.1841
http://www.portrait.gov.au/portraits/2013.24.1/ca
Captain John Lort Stokes c.1841, by unknown, watercolour on ivory, Purchased 2013
2013.24.1
National Portrait Gallery, Canberra

John Lort Stokes

John Lort Stokes, naval officer, was Charles Darwin’s cabinmate on the Beagle voyage – not always an enviable position.  After Darwin’s death, Stokes penned a description of their evenings spent working at the large table at the centre, Stokes at his navigation charts and Darwin at his microscope:

Read more